Eventually, the spy will try to gain promotions or transfers to a position with access to vital information, or befriend someone with such access. Once the spy establishes a cover, he might spend years doing his job and establishing trust. Each spy works within his own compartment, so if he is captured and interrogated, he can't reveal vital information or the identities of other spies. The spy will usually have contact with no one else, never learning the names of any other spies or officials. The controller will offer some training in spying methods and issue instructions for obtaining and transmitting information. Once a recruiter has recruited someone willing to gather information, the new spy will be put in contact with a controller. These walk-ins may be viewed with distrust as potential sources of misinformation from the enemy, but they can also become valuable spies. Someone who wants to provide information walks in to an embassy or consulate and offers to become a spy. On rare occasions, no recruiting work is needed at all. Threats of physical harm to the target or her family members also work well. Recruiters who hold evidence of behavior that their target would not want made public, such as an extramarital affair, can threaten to release the evidence if the target doesn't agree to become a spy. Certain psychological factors can drive some people to become spies because it makes them feel powerful. Recruiters look for people in menial positions who have access to important information. Many spies have turned over crucial, deadly information for nothing more than cash. During the Cold War, the KGB (the Russian abbreviation for Committee for State Security, the Soviet Union's intelligence and secret police agency) had success recruiting agents in the United States and Britain who were known to support communism or belong to communist organizations. Ideological disagreement with their home country.There are several factors that can cause someone to defect and become a spy: These defectors are invaluable spies, since they already have a cover and can provide information almost immediately. Spy agencies employ recruiters, people who target citizens of other countries who are likely to turn against their homeland and become spies. The best field agents are those with access to high-ranking officials or secret information in other countries. If their background and training fits a certain profile, they may be sent abroad to take on a cover identity (more on this in the next section). Some join the intelligence agencies of their home countries, receive training and move on to jobs within the agency. Espionage can also be used to counteract the spying efforts of the enemy, mainly be supplying them with false information. To gain access to secret information, governments use espionage, a blend of subterfuge, deception, technology and data analysis. Of course, this secret information is often the most valuable. While some of this information (known as intelligence) may be readily available, most countries keep information that could be used against them secret.
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